里氏替换原则是面向对象编程中的一个基本概念，它指出子类的对象应该能够替换超类的对象而不影响程序的正确性。
The Liskov Substitution Principle is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming, stating that objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without affecting the correctness of the program.
